Dental sealants are thin plastic coatings that are applied to the chewing surfaces of molars and premolars, primarily in children and adolescents, to prevent cavities. This method of dental prophylaxis is widely used worldwide and is considered one of the most effective strategies for protecting teeth. However, with their growing popularity, questions have arisen about their safety, both in terms of their chemical composition and their impact on general health. In this essay, we will look at the available scientific evidence and expert opinions to answer the question: Are dental sealants safe?
Sealant composition – do they contain bisphenol A (BPA)?
The main ingredient in most sealants is composite resins – plastic-based materials similar to those used in light-cured fillings. In some cases, they may contain trace amounts of bisphenol A (BPA) – a chemical that is controversial due to its possible hormonal (estrogen-mimicking) effects.
Studies have shown that:
- BPA is not an active ingredient in the sealants themselves, but it can be present as a secondary contaminant or a byproduct of decomposition.
- The amount of BPA released from sealants is very low and short-lived, usually only a few hours after placement.
- After rinsing the teeth and removing the excess material, the level of BPA in the patient’s saliva drops to virtually zero.
According to the American Dental Association (ADA), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the World Health Organization (WHO), dental sealants are safe—the benefits of using them far outweigh the potential risks associated with BPA.
Risk of allergic reactions and irritation
Like any material used in medicine, sealants can cause allergic reactions in some people. Although these are very rare, hypersensitivity to resin components or bonding agents can occur. Symptoms may include:
- redness and irritation of the gums,
- burning or discomfort in the oral cavity,
- contact reactions in the mucous membranes.
In such situations, you should immediately consult a dentist and - if necessary - remove the sealant. In most cases, however, patients tolerate the material well, and the risk of an allergic reaction is much lower than, for example, with some metal fillings or medications.
Mechanical safety - will the sealant damage the tooth?
Other concerns include whether the sealant can weaken the structure of the tooth, promote enamel cracks, or contribute to caries under the coating.
The answer is no, provided it was applied correctly by a qualified dentist. The procedure does not require drilling or removing tooth tissue, so it does not compromise its integrity. What's more, the sealant protects the enamel against acids and bacteria, prevents plaque from accumulating in hard-to-reach places, and reduces the risk of developing cavities by up to 80%. If improperly installed or not monitored, the material may leak, allowing cavities to develop, which is why regular visits to the dentist are important.
In conclusion: sealants are safe and effective
Dental sealants are recognized as safe by numerous medical and scientific institutions. Their use significantly reduces the risk of caries, especially in children and adolescents, and potential threats, such as the presence of BPA or allergic reactions, are minimal and controllable.
The key to safety is the appropriate selection of material, professional performance of the procedure, and regular inspection of the sealant during dental visits.
In light of the available evidence, sealants can be considered not only safe but also one of the most effective tools in modern dentistry. Please call our office today to find out more!